Country and Subdivision Representation Ontology
type: Ontology
license: http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
content language: https://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-quick-reference/
copyright: Copyright (c) 2015-2017 Unisys
copyright: Copyright (c) 2015-2019 Adaptive Inc.
copyright: Copyright (c) 2015-2021 Object Management Group, Inc.
copyright: Copyright (c) 2015-2021 Thematix Partners LLC
copyright: Copyright (c) 2020-2021 agnos.ai
depends on: https://www.omg.org/spec/LCC/Languages/LanguageRepresentation/
file abbreviation: lcc-cr
file abstract: The purpose of the Country Representation ontology, based on ISO 3166 and other representations of geographic regions and countries, such as the ISO Online Browsing Platform, UN M49 Region codes, SWIFT registry, UN FAO and CIA World Factbook, FIPA and International Olympics codes for countries, and GeoNames, is to provide a systematic description of the vocabulary used for country and geopolitical entity representation (based strictly on requirements for business applications, not broader geographic or political uses). A few additional properties to support geophysical coordinates, identified in the UN FAO and CIA World Factbook as well as from the well-known GeoNames ontology, have been added, but extensions to support other coding systems, such as the FAOSTAT code, have not been included. ISO 3166 provides widely, though not universally, applicable coded representations of names of countries, dependencies, and other areas of particular geopolitical interest and their subdivisions. - ISO 3166-1 (Country codes) establishes codes that represent the current names of countries, dependencies, and other areas of particular geopolitical interest, on the basis of lists of country names obtained from the United Nations. - ISO 3166-2 (Country subdivision code) establishes a code that represents the names of the principal administrative divisions, or similar areas, of the countries, etc. included in the ISO 3166-1. - ISO 3166-3 (Code for formerly used names of countries) establishes a code that represents non-current country names, i.e., the country names deleted from ISO 3166 since its first publication in 1974. The United Nations Standard Country or Area Codes for Statistical Use (M49), described at https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/, provides further regional classification for countries by continent, region within a continent, and sub-regions within regions that are widely used as well, and so this ontology is designed to support the M49 code set as well. M49 re…
filename: CountryRepresentation.rdf
related specification: CIA World Factbook, see https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/
related specification: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, see http://www.fao.org/countryprofiles/en/
related specification: ISO 3166-1 Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions- Part 1: Country codes, Second edition, 2006-11-15
related specification: ISO 3166-2 Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions- Part 2: Country subdivision code, First edition, 1998-12-15
related specification: ISO 3166-3 Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions- Part 3: Code for formerly used names of countries, First edition, 1998-03-01
related specification: International Olympic Committee list of national committees and their representation, see https://www.olympic.org/national-olympic-committees
related specification: Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) Online Directories, see http://www.swift.com/bsl/index.faces
imports: LanguageRepresentation
version IRI: CountryRepresentation
change note: The http://www.omg.org/spec/LCC/20151101/Countries/CountryRepresentation.rdf version of this ontology has been revised to reflect the issues addressed by the LCC 1.0 FTF report. This includes generalizing the ontology to accommodate country and region coding systems in addition to the ISO 3166 codes, providing some flexibility to use this ontology as the schema to support integration and use of other systems. Such coding systems might include governmental and corporate distinctions from the codes published by the U.N. and standardized by ISO, or reflect domain-specific codes such as the International Olympic Committee, International Federation of Association Football (FIFA), or other international or national sporting organizations. The structure of the ontologies representing the codes themselves has been revised to support an ontology per country for the subdivision codes, so that users can leverage only those they need rather than having to load close to five thousand individuals for applications requiring a small subset of that number. Generation of the country and subdivision ontologies is entirely automated to facilitate change management going forward.
change note: The http://www.omg.org/spec/LCC/20171801/Countries/CountryRepresentation.rdf version of this ontology was revised loosen the range constraints on the hasName properties to enable use of language tags, as stated in the LCC 1.1 RTF report.
change note: The http://www.omg.org/spec/LCC/20190201/Countries/CountryRepresentation.rdf version of this ontology was revised to update metadata only, as stated in the LCC 1.2 RTF report.

alpha-2 code
type: Class
subclass of: geographic region identifier
definition: a digraph representing a country or geographic region

alpha-3 code
type: Class
subclass of: geographic region identifier
definition: a trigraph representing a country or geographic region

coordinate system
type: Class
subclass of: Arrangement
source: what coord sys.htm
source: Coordinate system
definition: a system that uses one or more numbers, or coordinates, to uniquely determine the position of a point or other geometric element on a planar or spherical surface
note: Without a concise definition of the coordinate system used to represent a point, it is difficult to change to a new coordinate system. Changing coordinate systems is required when integrating data from different sources into a common coordinate system.

country
type: Class
subclass of: geopolitical entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: uses administrative language
  all values from: Language
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has English short name
  cardinality: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has English short name in capitals
  cardinality: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has French short name
  cardinality: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has French short name in capitals
  cardinality: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has English full name
  max cardinality: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has French full name
  max cardinality: 1
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is independent
  on data range: boolean
  qualified cardinality: 1
definition: a geopolitical entity representing a country or dependent territory

country subdivision
type: Class
subclass of: geopolitical entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is classified by
  some values from: kind of geographic region
definition: a geopolitical entity, typically a division of a country, dependency, or other area of special geopolitical interest related to a country or other geopolitical entity

geographic coordinate system
type: Class
subclass of: coordinate system
source: what coord sys.htm
source: report.pdf
definition: a three-dimensional reference system that locates points on the Earth's surface
example: The three most widely used systems for indicating point locations in the United States are (1) latitude and longitude [and optionally elevation], (2) Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) system, and (3) State Plane Coordinate Systems (SPCS).
note: The unit of measure is usually decimal degrees. A point has two coordinate values, latitude and longitude. Latitude and longitude measure angles.

geographic region
type: Class
subclass of: location
source: region
definition: an area, especially part of a country or the world having definable characteristics but not always fixed boundaries

geographic region identifier
type: Class
subclass of: CodeElement
subclass of: Identifier
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: denotes
  all values from: geographic region
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: identifies
  all values from: geographic region
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasTag
  on data range: string
  qualified cardinality: 1
definition: a string of letters assigned to a country or other geographic region for the purpose of uniquely representing it

kind of geographic region
type: Class
subclass of: Arrangement
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: classifies
  all values from: geographic region
definition: a classification scheme for geographic regions, including but not limited to subdivisions of a geopolitical entity, (noting that there may be more than one kind for a given country or other entity)

geopolitical entity
type: Class
subclass of: geographic region
definition: any country, federal province, city or other administrative unit that represents a geophysical location and has some political identity

location
type: Class
definition: a place or position in time and/or space, including virtual place

territory
type: Class
subclass of: geopolitical entity
definition: a geopolitical entity, typically considered an area of special geopolitical interest, related to a country or other geopolitical entity
note: Certain territories are included in the ISO 3166-2 code set without an alpha 2 or alpha 3 code. In these cases, the numeric code for the subregion may have more than 3 characters in their corresponding numeric region codes.

classifies
type: ObjectProperty
definition: arranges in categories according to shared characteristics

has English full name
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: hasEnglishName
definition: the full name, if different from the short form of the country name, in lower case

has English short name
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: hasEnglishName
definition: the short form of the country name, in English

has English short name in capitals
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: hasEnglishName
definition: the short form of the country name, in English (capitals)

has French full name
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: hasFrenchName
definition: the full name, if different from the short form of the country name, in lower case

has French short name
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: hasFrenchName
definition: the short form of the country name, in French

has French short name in capitals
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: hasFrenchName
definition: the short form of the country name, in French (capitals)

has latitude
type: DatatypeProperty
source: what coord sys.htm
range: Datatype
  on datatype: decimal
  with restrictions:
    max inclusive: 90
  with restrictions:
    min inclusive: -90
definition: the angle formed by the intersection of a line perpendicular to the Earth's surface at a point and the plane of the Equator
note: Points north of the Equator have positive latitude values, while points south have negative values. Latitude values range from minus 90 to plus 90 degrees. Lines of latitude are also called parallels because a particular value of latitude forms a circle parallel to the Equator.

has local short name
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: hasName
definition: the local, regional, cultural, or indigenous short form of the country name

has longitude
type: DatatypeProperty
source: what coord sys.htm
range: Datatype
  on datatype: decimal
  with restrictions:
    max inclusive: 180
  with restrictions:
    min inclusive: -180
definition: the angle between a plane that passes through the point and the North and South poles, and a reference plane
note: The reference plane is known as the prime meridian. The most common prime meridian passes through Greenwich, United Kingdom. Other examples of prime meridians in use pass through Paris and Bogota. Longitude values range from minus 180 to plus 180 degrees.

has maximum latitude
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: has latitude
range: decimal
definition: a maximum latitude with respect to a range

has maximum longitude
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: has longitude
range: decimal
definition: a maximum longitude with respect to a range

has minimum latitude
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: has latitude
range: decimal
definition: a minimum latitude with respect to a range

has minimum longitude
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: has longitude
range: decimal
definition: a minimum longitude with respect to a range

has numeric region code
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string
definition: a three-digit numeric code assigned to a region according to some code set
note: For certain territories that do not have an alternate designation (i.e. country or country subdivision code in ISO 3166), the corresponding numeric code may have four digits.

has part
type: ObjectProperty
direct source: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy at http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/mereology/
definition: indicates any portion of something, regardless of whether the portion itself is attached to the remainder or detached; cognitively salient or arbitrarily demarcated; self-connected or disconnected; homogeneous or gerrymandered; material or immaterial; extended or unextended; spatial or temporal

has remarks
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: geopolitical entity
range: string
definition: remarks, such as other widely-used country names, names of geographically separated territories covered by the coding system, and so forth

has subregion
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has part
domain: geographic region
range: geographic region
definition: relates a geographic region to another geographic region that is a designated subregion of it

is classified by
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: classifies
definition: indicates the classifier used to characterize something

is independent
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: geopolitical entity
range: boolean
definition: indicates whether a geopolitical entity stands alone or is part of another country

is a part of
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
direct source: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy at http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/mereology/
inverse of: has part
definition: relates something to another thing that it is some component or portion of, regardless of how that whole-part relationship is manifested, i.e., attached to the remainder or detached; cognitively salient or arbitrarily demarcated; self-connected or disconnected; homogeneous or gerrymandered; material or immaterial; extended or unextended; spatial or temporal; the most generic part relation, reflexive, asymmetric, and transitive

is a subregion of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: is a part of
domain: geographic region
range: geographic region
inverse of: has subregion
definition: relates a geographic region to another geographic region that it is a part of

is used by
type: ObjectProperty
definition: is employed in the process of accomplishing something

uses
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is used by
definition: employs as a means of accomplishing some task or achieving some result

uses administrative language
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: uses
domain: geopolitical entity
range: Language
definition: relates a country or geopolitical entity to an administrative language that entity uses for international communications